Directional boring is a method of installing underground pipes, conduits, and cables without disturbing the surface above. It is commonly used for installing utility lines, telecommunications cables, and water and gas pipelines in urban and suburban areas. It is especially helpful where open trenching is not practical or would cause disruption to traffic or other surface features.
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Directional Boring Process
The directional boring proces begins with the selection of a suitable drill rig and the preparation of a drill path. The drill rig is typically a tracked or wheeled vehicle equipped with a long drill stem and a drill head. The drill path is the route that the drill rig will follow as it advances underground. It is usually marked out on the surface using survey stakes or paint markings.
Before drilling can begin, the drill rig must be set up and aligned with the drill path. This involves attaching the drill stem to the rig, assembling drilling tools or accessories, and calibrating the rig’s control systems. The rig is then positioned at the starting point of the drill path, which is usually an access point.
Once the drill rig is set up and aligned with the drill path, the actual drilling process can begin. The drill rig uses a rotating drill bit to bore a hole under the surface of the ground. Meanwhile, a lubrication is pumped through the drill stem to cool the drill bit, and to stabilize the borehole. The slurry mixture also helps to prevent soil from collapsing into the borehole as the drill advances.
As the drill progresses along the drill path, it is guided by a combination of GPS and on-board sensors. The drill operator can use the control panel to adjust the drill rig’s speed, direction, and depth as needed. The drill operator also monitors the progress of the drill using data from the sensors adjusts as needed. This ensures the drill stays on course and doesn’t encounter any obstacles.
Final Phase of Boring
Once the drill reaches the end of the drill path, the drill bit is withdrawn, and the drill stem is removed from the borehole. The borehole is then cleaned out and any necessary pipes, conduits, or cables are inserted into the borehole using a specially designed “pulling head.” The pulling head is attached to the pipes, conduits, or cables and is used to pull them through the borehole and into their final position.
Once the pipes, conduits, or cables are in place, the borehole is filled with a mixture of soil and cement to stabilize the ground and prevent any settling or subsidence. The surface is then restored to its original condition, and the directional boring process is complete.
Overall, directional boring is a complex and technical process that requires specialized equipment and trained personnel. It is a cost-effective and efficient way to install underground utilities and infrastructure without causing disruption to surface features or traffic. However, it does require careful planning and execution to ensure that the borehole is drilled accurately and safely, and that the underground utilities are properly installed and protected.